Patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery is a procedure designed to address instability or dislocation of the kneecap (patella). This surgery aims to restore stability to the patellofemoral joint, alleviate pain, and improve overall function and mobility of the knee.
During patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery, the surgeon may employ various techniques depending on the underlying cause of instability. Common procedures include:
- Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction: This involves using a graft to reconstruct the MPFL, a ligament that helps stabilise the patella.
- Lateral release: This procedure involves releasing tight structures on the outer side of the patella to alleviate pressure and improve alignment.
- Tendon realignment: In cases of misalignment, tendons may be repositioned to better support the patella. This is done through a tibial tubercle osteotomy, where a precise cut is made to the bone to allow it to be repositioned.
- Cartilage repair: If there is damage to the cartilage, techniques such as microfracture or cartilage transplantation may be performed to promote healing.
Before undergoing patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery, patients will typically undergo a thorough evaluation by their surgeon. This may include imaging such as X-rays or MRI scans. Preoperative preparations may involve:
- Ceasing certain medications that may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Following specific instructions regarding eating and drinking before surgery.
- Arranging for transportation to and from the hospital.
- Making necessary accommodations at home for postoperative recovery.
It is recommended to plan for life after surgery with time off work/school and a period of interrupted mobility.
Recovery from patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery varies depending on the specific procedure performed and individual factors. However, common aspects of recovery may include:
- Pain management: Medications may be prescribed to manage pain and discomfort.
- Immobilisation: A brace or splint may be worn to protect the knee and promote healing.
- Physiotherapy: Rehabilitation exercises are typically initiated soon after surgery to improve strength, flexibility, and range of motion.
- Gradual return to activities: Patients will gradually increase their activity level under the guidance of Dr Shales and the Physiotherapist.
Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in rehabilitation following patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery. Rehabilitation goals may include:
- Strengthening the muscles surrounding the knee.
- Improving flexibility and range of motion.
- Restoring functional activities such as walking, climbing stairs, and sports participation.
- Addressing any gait abnormalities or biomechanical issues.
While patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery is generally safe, there are risks and potential complications, including:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Nerve or blood vessel damage
- Failure of the surgical procedure
- Persistent pain or stiffness
- Recurrent instability or dislocation
The success of patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery depends on various factors, including the underlying condition, surgical technique, and adherence to rehabilitation protocols. Many patients experience significant improvement in symptoms and function following surgery, with a reduced risk of recurrent instability.
Patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery can be an effective treatment option for individuals experiencing instability or recurrent dislocation of the kneecap. By restoring stability to the patellofemoral joint, this surgery aims to alleviate pain and improve overall knee function, allowing patients to return to their desired activities.
Here are a number of the questions we often get asked.
Recovery time varies but typically ranges from several weeks to several months, depending on the specific procedure and individual factors.
Yes, physiotherapy is an essential part of rehabilitation following patellofemoral joint stabilisation surgery. Dr Shales will prescribe a customised rehabilitation program to help you regain strength, mobility, and function.
Your surgeon will provide specific guidelines regarding activity restrictions based on the type of surgery performed and your individual circumstances. It's essential to follow these instructions to ensure optimal healing and reduce the risk of complications.
